ºÏÇÑÀαÇÁ¤º¸.North Korea Human Rights Information. ºÏÇÑÀÚÀ¯¿¬ÇÕ(North Korea Freedom Coalition, ´ëÇ¥ ¼öÀÜ ¼ñƼ)
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ºÏÇÑÀÚÀ¯¿¬ÇÕ(North Korean Freedom Coalition)(´ëÇ¥ ¼öÀÜ ¼ñƼ)Àº ºÏÇÑÀαÇÁ¤º¸¸¦ ±×ÀÇ È¨ÆäÀÌÁö¿¡ ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ °ø°³Çß´Ù.
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North Korea Human Rights InformationºÏÇÑÀαÇÁ¤º¸North Korea is a dictatorial regime controlled by one man, Kim, Jong-il. Under his rule, millions of North Koreans have perished through starvation and while other have died during imprisonmnent in its large prison/labor camps. Human rights in North Korea are virtually non-existent as the government regulates individual lives from speech, opinion, and thought, to employment, travel, and food rations.
ºÏÇÑÀº ±èÁ¤ÀÏ ÇÑ »ç¶÷¿¡ ÀÇÇØ Áö¹èµÇ´Â µ¶ÀçüÁ¦´Ù. ±×ÀÇ µ¶Àç·Î ¼ö¹é¸¸ ºÏÇѵ¿Æ÷°¡ ±¾¾îÁ×¾ú°í ´Ù¸¥ ºÏÇÑÁֹεµ °¨¹æ°ú ³ëµ¿Ä·ÇÁ¿¡¼ Á×¾ú´Ù. ºÏÇÑÁ¤ºÎ°¡ ¾ð·Ð, ÀÇ°ß, »ý°¢, °í¿ë, ¿©Çà, ½Ä·®±îÁö ÅëÁ¦Çϱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ºÏÇÑ¿¡¼ ÀαÇÀº ½ÇÁ¦ÀûÀ¸·Î Á¸ÀçÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.
Hundreds of thousands have fled to China and other neighboring countries to seek subsistence. However, China continues to forcibly repatriate North Koreans to a fate that includes imprisonment where they may experience torture, medical and chemical experiments, forced abortions, infanticide, starvation, and hard labor.
¼ö¸¸¸íÀÌ »ýÁ¸À» ±¸ÇÏ·Á°í Áß±¹À̳ª ´Ù¸¥ ÀÎÁ¢ÇÑ ³ª¶ó·Î µµÇÇÇØ¿Ô´Ù. Áß±¹ÀÌ °Á¦·Î ºÏÇÑÁֹΠŻºÏÀÚ¸¦ ºÏÇÑ¿¡ º¸³»±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ±×µéÀº ±³µµ¼Ò¿¡ ±¸±ÝµÇ¾î °í¹®, ÀÇÇÐÀû ÈÇÐÀû ½ÇÇè, °Á¦À¯»ê, ¿µ¾Æ»ìÇØ, ±¾ÁÖ¸²°ú Á߳뵿À» ´çÇÏ´Â ¿î¸íÀÌ °è¼ÓµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù.
A handful of North Koreans desparately force their way into foreign compounds in China and are fortunate enough to gain passage to South Korea, while others travel through "underground railroads" seeking final destination in South Korea. The tragedy that North Koreans face continue to escalate. Please see below for more information. Click here for our FACT SHEET. (PDF)
ºÏÇÑÀεéÀÌ Àý¹ÚÇÏ°Ô ¿Ü±¹°ø°üÀ¸·Î ÇÇÇØ Çѱ¹À¸·Î °¡´Â Çà¿îÀ» ´©¸®±âµµ ÇÏÁö¸¸ ´Ù¸¥ Å»ºÏÀÚµéÀº ÁöÇÏöÀ» ÅëÇØ Á¾ÂøÁö ³²ÇÑÀ¸·Î °£´Ù. ºÏÇÑÀÌ ´ç¸éÇÑ ºñ±ØÀÌ µµÇǸ¦ °è¼ÓÇÏ°Ô ÇÑ´Ù. ´õ ÀÚ¼¼ÇÑ Á¤º¸¸¦ ¿øÇÑ´Ù¸é Click here for out FACT SHEET ÆÑÆ® ½¬Æ®¸¦ Ŭ¸¯ÇϽñ⠹ٶõ´Ù.
Lack of Human Rights in North Korea ºÏÇÑÀÇ ÀαǰáÇÌ
North Koreans lack almost every human right since the government regulates speech, opinion, thought, press, information, employment, movement, location of residence, food rations, assembly, association, and even the right to life. Petty crimes and any type of perceived disloyalty to the dictator can land a North Korean in a prison camp along with all family members, or even immediate execution. Arbitrary arrest, detention, and lack of fair and public trials are commonplace. Further, torture and other cruel and inhuman treatment are experienced frequently by detainees in prisons. Links to more information below.
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Famine and Food Crisis ±â±Ù°ú ½Ä·®À§±â
Due to a variety of factors including the North Korean regime's implementation of an ineffective ideology called Juche or Self Reliance, which promotes national isolation, misallocation of resources, economic mismanagement, loss of support from former Soviet Union, discrimination, diversion of food aid, and natural disasters, the vast majority of North Korean citizens who live outside of Pyongyang, the capital of North Korea, continue to suffer from hunger and malnutrition.
±¹Á¦ÀûÀÎ °í¸³À» ÀÚÃÊÇÏ´Â ÁÖü·Î ºÒ¸®¿ì´Â ºÏÇÑÀÇ ºñÈ¿°úÀûÀÎ À̳äüÁ¦ ¶§¹®¿¡ ÀÚ¿ø¹èºÐÀÇ ½ÇÆÐ, °æÁ¦ºÎ½Ç¿î¿µ, Àü ¼Ò·Ã¿¬¹æÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍÀÇ Áö¿øÁß´Ü, Â÷º°, ½Ä·®¿øÁ¶ÀÇ À¯¿ë, ÀÚ¿¬Àç³, Æò¾çÀÌ¿Ü Áö¿ªÁÖ¹ÎÀÇ ±¾ÁÖ¸²°ú ¿µ¾ç½ÇÁ¶·Î ÀÎÇÑ °è¼ÓµÈ °íÅëÀÌ µû¸¥´Ù.
The international community became aware of food shortages in North Korea in 1991. It is reported by 1997, only 6% of the population was receiving food through the Public Distribution System (PDS).
±¹Á¦°øµ¿Ã¼´Â 1991³â ºÏÇÑÀÇ ½Ä·®ºÎÁ·»çŸ¦ ¾Ë°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù. 1997³â±îÁö °øÀûÀÎ ¹è±Ý üÁ¦(PDS)·ÎºÎÅÍ ºÒ°ú 6%¸¸ÀÌ ¹è±ÞÀ» ¹Þ¾Ò´Ù.
North Korea continues to rely heavily on international food aid, however, there are doubts that some of the food aid is reaching those in desparate need. Children suffer the worst, particularly orphans. In 2003, it was reported that 42% of North Korean children suffer from chronic malnutrition, resulting in drastic height and weight differences with children from the South.
ºÏÇÑÀº ÁÖ·Î ±¹Á¦ÀûÀÎ ½Ä·®¿øÁ¶¿¡ ÀÇÁ¸À» °è¼ÓÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ½Ä·®¿øÁ¶°¡ Àý¹ÚÇÑ µµ¿òÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô Á¦´ë·Î µµ´ÞÇÏ´ÂÁö Àǹ®ÀÌ´Ù. ¾ÆÀ̵é ƯÈ÷ °í¾ÆµéÀÇ °íÅëÀÌ ÃÖ¾ÇÀÌ´Ù. 2003³â ºÏÇѾÀÌ 42%°¡ ¸¸¼ºÀûÀÎ ¿µ¾ç½ÇÁ¶·Î ³²ÇѾÀÌ¿Í ºñ±³ÇØ ¾öû³ ½ÅÀå°ú üÁßÀÇ Â÷À̸¦ º¸ÀδÙ.
´ÙÀ½ ÁÙÄ£ »çÀÌÆ®¸¦ Ŭ¸¯ÇÏ¸é ´õ ´Ù¸¥ Á¤º¸¸¦ º¼¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
North Korean Refugees in China and Forced Repatriation Áß±¹¿¡¼ °Á¦·Î ºÏ¼ÛµÇ´Â ºÏÇѳ¹Îµé
As the food crisis and discrimination continues, the North Korean refugee issue grows with estimates of up to 300,000 North Koreans residing in China.
½Ä·®À§±â¿Í Â÷º°ÀÌ °è¼ÓµÇÀÚ ºÏÇѳ¹ÎÀÌ ´Ã¾î³ª Áß±¹¿¡ ¹«·Á 30¸¸¸í±îÁö À̸£·¶´Ù.
This is compounded by China's refusal to create and implement a legal process through which North Koreans can obtain refugee or asylum status.
Áß±¹Àº ºÏÇÑÅ»ºÏÀÚµéÀÌ ³¹Î ¶Ç´Â Çdz ÁöÀ§¸¦ º¸ÀåÇÏ´Â ¹ýÀúÀÎ ÀýÂ÷¸¦ ÃëÇÒ °ÍÀ» °ÅºÎÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù.
Instead, China brands a blanket determination identifying them as purely economic migrants and seeks to forcibly repatriate North Koreans to a highly certain fate of arbitrary detention, torture, and possible execution.
´ë½Å¿¡ Áß±¹Àº ±×µéÀ» ¼ø¼öÇÑ °æÁ¦ÀûÀÎ À̹ÎÀ¸·Î Á¶Ä¡ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó °Á¦·Î ºÏÇÑ¿¡ º¸³» ÀÚÀÇÀûÀÎ ±¸±Ý, °í¹®, óÇü¿¡ óÇÒ °ÍÀÌ ¾ÆÁÖ È®½ÇÇÑ ¿î¸í¿¡ óÇÏ°Ô ÇØ¿Ô´Ù.
China continues to repatriate in violation of the 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees and the 1967 Protocol of which it is a party to.
Áß±¹Àº ³¹ÎÀÇ ÁöÀ§¿¡ °üÇÑ 1951³â ÇùÁ¤°ú 1967³â ÀÇÁ¤¼¿¡ À§¹ÝÇÏ¿© Å»ºÏÀÚ¸¦ °Á¦·Î ºÏ¼ÛÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» °è¼ÓÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù.
A fortunate handful of North Koreans have forced their way into foreign compounds in China and have successfully traveled to South Korea.
¿îÁÁÀº ¼Ò¼öÀÇ ºÏÇÑÀεéÀÌ Áß±¹³» ¿Ü±¹°ø°ü¿¡ µé¾î°¡ ³²ÇÑÀ¸·Î ¼º°øÀûÀ¸·Î Å»ºÏÇϱ⵵ ÇÑ´Ù.
Others seek to make it to South Korea through "underground railroads" set up by NGOs and other individuals secretly working in China. However, many attempt to survive in China, living in fear as they try to avoid Chinese authorities and repatriation.
´Ù¸¥ ºÏÇÑÀεéÀº Áß±¹¿¡¼ È°µ¿ÇÏ´Â ½Ã¹Î´Üü³ª ´Ù¸¥ °³ÀεéÀÇ µµ¿òÀ» ¹Þ¾Æ ÁöÇÏöÀ» ÅëÇØ Çѱ¹À¸·Î °£´Ù. Áß±¹´ç±¹ÀÇ °Á¦ºÏ¼ÛÀ» ÇÇÇÏ·Á°í Áß±¹¿¡¼ Å»ºÏÀ» ÇÏ·Á´Â ¸¹Àº ½Ãµµ°¡ ¹ú¾îÁø´Ù.
Without any civil rights and protection by the government, women and children are largely at risk of exploitation. It is estimated that up to 70% of North Korean women in China are trafficked. Many children, especially orphans, become street children.
Á¤ºÎ¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ Àαǰú º¸È£°¡ ¾øÀÌ ¿©¼º°ú ¾î¸°À̵éÀº ¹ß°¢ÀÇ À§Çè¿¡ óÇØÀÖ´Ù. Áß±¹¿¡ µµÇÇÇÑ ºÏÇÑÅ»ºÏ¿©¼º 70%°¡ ÀνŸŸŰ¡ µÇ°í ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ÃßÁ¤µÈ´Ù.
Furthermore, China has prosecuted and imprisoned humanitarian aid workers found helping North Koreans, including foreign nationals from the U.S., South Korea, and Japan.
´õ±¸³ª Áß±¹Àº ¹Ì±¹, Çѱ¹,ÀϺ» µî ¿Ü±¹ÀÎÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇØ ºÏÇÑÅ»ºÏÀÚ¿¡ ÀεµÀûÀÎ µµ¿òÀ» ÁØ ±Ù·ÎÀÚµéÀ» ¹ÚÇØÇÏ°í ±¸±ÝÇØ¿Ô´Ù.
ºÏÇÑÀαǿ¡ °üÇÑ ´õ ´Ù¸¥ Á¤º¸¸¦ ¿øÇÑ´Ù¸é ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº ÁÙÄ£ ºÎºÐÀ» Ŭ¸¯ÇϽñ⠹ٶõ´Ù.
North Korea's Prisons According to the U.S. Committee for Human Rights in North Korea, there exists a vast network of structured institutions for punishment in North Korea including forced-labor colonies, camps, prisons, and short term detention facilities along the North Korea-China border.
¹Ì±¹ÀÇ ºÏÇÑÀαÇÀ§¿øȸ¿¡ µû¸£¸é ºÏÇÑ°ú Áß±¹ ±¹°æÁö´ë¿¡´Â °Á¦³ëµ¿, ±³È¼Ò, °¨¹æ°ú ´Ü±â°£ ±¸±Ý½Ã¼³ À» Æ÷ÇÔÇØ ±¤¹üÀ§ÇÑ ºÏÇÑ¿¡ ó¹ú±â±¸°¡ Á¸ÀçÇÑ´Ù.
Prisoners are brutally treated in these institutions with testimonies from North Korean defectors describing the application of torture techniques, hard labor, starvation, forced abortions, infanticide, families of up to three generations imprisoned, detention without judicial process, public executions, chemical and medical experimentation on prisoners, and gas chambers, resulting in thousands of deaths. Comparisons have been frequently made to the Nazi concentration camps.
Å»ºÏÀÚµéÀÇ Áõ¾ð¿¡ ÀÇÇϸé Á˼öµéÀº ¾ß¸¸ÀûÀ¸·Î ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ±â±¸¿¡¼ ´Ù·ç¾îÁø´Ù. »ç¹ýÀýÂ÷°¡ ¾øÀÌ °í¹®±â¼ú, Á߳뵿, ±¾ÁÖ¸², °Á¦À¯»ê, ¿µ¾Æ»ìÇØ, 3´ë¿¡ °ÉÄ£ ¿¬´ëó¹ú, ±¸±Ý, ¾ï·ù, Á˼ö¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÈÇÐÀû ÀÇÇÐÀû ½ÇÇèÀ¸·Î ¼öõ¸íÀÌ Á״´Ù. ¸¶Ä¡ ³ªÄ¡Ä·ÇÁ¿¡ ÀÚÁÖ ºñ±³µÈ´Ù.
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© <scRIPT language=javascript>document.write(year);scRIPT> 2009 North Korea Freedom Coalition.