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Democratic People's Republic of Korea Air Force	Other Air Forces

History

The Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea or DPRK) is situated on the Korean peninsula between northeast China and the Republic of Korea (South Korea). Korea was first inhabited around 30,000 BC, when tribes from central and northern Asia stumbled on the peninsula. Under constant pressure from China, these tribes banded together to found a kingdom in the 1st century AD. By 700 AD the Silla Kingdom of Korea was hitting its cultural stride, littering the country with palaces, pagodas and pleasure gardens and influencing the development of Japan's culture. But in the early 13th century the Mongols reached Korea and gave it their usual scorched-earth treatment. When the Mongol Empire collapsed, the Choson Dynasty took over and a Korean script was developed.

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In the early 20th century when Japan annexed the peninsula. The Japanese, who hung on until the end of WWII, were harsh masters, and anti-Japanese sentiment is still strong in North Korea.

After the war, the USA occupied the south of the Korean peninsula, while the USSR took over the north. Stalin sent Kim II-sung (the 'Great Leader'), a young Korean officer from a specially trained unit of the Red Army, to take charge of communising the North. When the South declared its independence, the North invaded. The ensuing war lasted until 1953.

By the time the war ended, two million people had died and the North was virtually flattened after almost continual bombing by the US Air Force. The North Korean economy developed more rapidly than the South in the early years, thanks to the new Juche (self-reliance) ideology that Kim created and installed. North Korea developed heavy industry on the foundations the Japanese had laid, and made leaps ahead in the social arena, and North Koreans were offered some of their first schools, clinics, food reserves, labour rights and recreation facilities they had ever had. Life improved markedly if you weren't a class enemy.

Kim Sung died on 8 July 1994. His son, Kim Jong (the 'Dear Leader') took over the reins of power. For the next six years, Kim Jong led a reclusive and introverted lifestyle, refusing to meet heads of state or any other dignitaries amidst a failing economy and increasing food shortages.

North Korea still limits trade and transportation links with other countries and tightly restricts the circumstances under which foreigners may enter the country and interact with local citizens. Telephone and fax communications are unavailable in many areas of the country, and foreigners can expect their communications to be monitored by DPRK officials.

Air Force

The Air Force became a separate entity in 1948. Its primary mission is air defense of the homeland. Secondary missions also include tactical air support to the army and navy that don't have any air elements of there own.

Theoretically the Air Force operates a very large number of aircraft. Many of these however have come to age and only two types (MiG-29 and Su-25) can be considered current generation being delivered in 1988.

Many older generation aircraft were also delivered by the Soviet Union (MiG-21PF/PFM and MiG-23ML's) or by China (H-5, F-5, F-6 and F-7's that also supplied the helicopters. In 1999 North Korean attempts to order 40 MiG-21bis from Kazakhstan finally seemed successful, although after the delivery of 30 aircraft the United States was successful in stopping further deliveries.

Given the relatively small size of the country the Air Force can use many a great number of airfields and strips with 26 dispersal fields and 18 highway strips adding to the 25 operational bases.

In 1990-91 North Korea activated four new bases near the Demilitarized Zone with South Korea. In October 1995 over 420 fighters, bombers, transport planes and helicopters were redeployed which included over 100 aircraft (80 MiG-17's and 20 H-5) to three of those fields.

Organization

The current Air Force organization was established in the mid to late 80's. The Air Forces' Headquarters are in P'yongyang. It controls directly several special Regiments like the EW Regiment, a test & evaluation Regiment and a naval support and ASW Regiment.
The Kim Ch'ack Air Force Acadamy is located at Chongjin. Air Combat and Transport Regiments are controlled by six Divisions that report to headquarters.

North Korea has some aircraft maintenance facilities. The Mil-Mi-2 was license build in the country and in 1993 two MiG-29's were assembled at the Panghyn plant from Russian kits. Although some sources say about 10 kits were supplied it is believed that production had to be halted at two because of inability to pay for more.
Maintenance is also being carried out in "Aircraft Production Centers" located at P'yonghyon, Kusong, Tokhyon and Chongjin.

Below an overview is presented of the aircraft that are operational with the Air Force.

Number	Type
40	A-5 Fantan
12	L-39C
30	MiG-15UTI
100	F-6 (MiG-19)
160	MiG-21PF/PFM
30	MiG-21bis
30	MiG-21U
46	MiG-23ML
10	MiG-23UB
36	MiG-29A
5	MiG-29UB
30	Su-7BMK
36	Su-25K
4	Su-25UBK
50	H-5 (IL-28)

Number	Type
120/160	Y-5/An-2
12	An-24
5	IL-14
2	IL-18
2	IL-62
3	IL-76
2	Tu-134
4	Tu-154B
30+6	Hughes 369D/E
140	Mi-2
48	Z-5/Mi-4
15	Mi-8/17
10	Mi-14PL
20	Mi-24
170	CJ-6

Sources: Lonely Planet, Tom Cooper via www.acig.org, Scramble

<번 역>

A-5 Fantan -- 40개
L-39C -- 12
MiG-15UTI -- 30
F-6 (MiG-19) -- 100
MiG-21PF/PFM -- 160
MiG-21bis -- 30
MiG-21U -- 30
MiG-23ML -- 46
MiG-23UB -- 10
MiG-29A -- 36
MiG-29UB -- 5
Su-7BMK -- 30
Su-25K -- 36
Su-25UBK -- 4
H-5 (IL-28) -- 50

Y-5 -- 120
An-2 -- 160
An-24 -- 12
IL-14 -- 5
IL-18 -- 2
IL-62 -- 2
IL-76 -- 3
Tu-134 -- 2
Tu-154B -- 4
Hughes 369D -- 30
Hughes 369E -- 6
Mi-2 -- 140
Z-5/Mi-4 -- 48
Mi-8/17 -- 15
Mi-14PL -- 10
Mi-24 -- 20
CJ-6 -- 170
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